Globalisation

Socialist  - the process of transformation of loval or regional phenomena into global ones.

• Economic forces
• Technological forces
• Socio-cultural forces
• Political forces

It can be described as a process by which the people of the world unified into a single society and function together. 

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Globalisation 

• The spread of the free market so that it can expand globally.
• Replace different cultures with one single culture  - today it's America (Westernisation).

George Ritzer

• McDonaldisation 
• Wide ranging sociocultural processes by which the principles of fast food restaurants dominating the world. 
• Peoples jobs more meaningless.
• Low salaries.
• Massive profit.
• 1 product the same the world over. 

Marshall McLuhan 

• Rapidity of communication echoes the senses
• We can experience instantly the effects of our actions on a global scale. 
• Increase humanity of the world.
• 'As electrically controlled the globe is no more than a village. - community involvement.

Centripetal forces 

• Bringing the world together in a uniform global society.

Centrifugal forces

• Tearing the world apart in tribal wars.

3 Problems of Globalisation

• Sovereignty - Challenges to the idea of the nation state.
• Accountability - Transnational forces and organisations; who controls them?
• Identity - Who are we? Nation, group, community. 

Pessimistic hyperglobalisers 

Cultural Imperialism 

• Schiller
• Chonsky 
• If the 'global village' is run with a certain set of values then it would not be so much of an integrated company as an assimilated one.

Rigging the 'Free Market'

• Media conglomerates operate as oligopolies - spend western globally.
• American dominate media
• News corporations divide world into territories of descending 'market important.
• US medis power can be thought of a new part of imperialism 
• Stiller
• Skin whitening - media, to be successful must look a certain way.

Chumsky and Herman, 1998

• Manufacturing consent
• Propaganda and a model - 5 filters 
• Ownership, funding,sourcing, flak, ideology (e.g. anti-Islam)

Ownership - Rupert Murdock

• News of the world/ the sun, times/fox/NY post.
• He argued he had the power to get a politician elected.
• Journalists - to keep their jobs they can't be too harsh on politicians.
• For mass appeal - play on stereotypes - cements the idea that your world view is correct
• Industry being shut down - low wages/hours - immigration is not to blame but is used as a scape goat. 

Flak 

• GCC - US base 
• Concerted and intentional efforts to change public opinions. 

Al Gore

• An Inconvenient Truth 
• Release less CO2, plant more vegetarian 
• Recycle, C02 neutral - buy new lightbulbs, electronic car - buy - solution - buy more stuff - same system. 

Flat Earthers (against Global Warming being a real issue - they make money from putting C02 in the atmosphere.)

• Jim Inhofe 
• Nigel Lawson
• Competative, Enterprise, Institute -Try to dispel the myth of global warming. 
• Global warming - direct result of C02 production. - increasing temp from 1910

Sustainability

• Sustainable development that meets the needs of the present without compromising future generations, 
• Sustainable growth is a contradiction in terms; nothing physical can grow indefinitely. 

BIOX Biofuel Plant Canada 

• 'Clean' fuel renuable - more expensive- alienating people. 
• Factory - in the middle of poor area, ruined lives - negative consequences - poluted rivers etc. 

Green Washing 

• New market for consumption corporations fool us into buying products- rare that they have any benefits to the world.
• McDonalds -red to green 
• Kimberly Clarke - responsible for deforesting - say they're eco-friendly
• Coco cola - plant bottle - lied in their statistics - Didn't do any research. 
• Most things are designed for the need of the manufacturers to sell. 

Ecologism 

• We need to reassess our relationship between each other and the environment. 

Adbusters 

• Blackspot Sneaker.
• Anti- capitalist.
• The wil drinkable book
• The Story of Stuff - Annie Lennard.